6. Create a strategic building envelope design
A well-designed building envelope has significant potential to reduce energy use for heating and cooling. Maximizing insulation, limiting infiltration, and selecting innovative window solutions can all prevent thermal losses, save costs, and create a more comfortable internal environment.
Consider insulating buildings beyond code minimum; this is likely to produce a return on investment in lifetime energy savings. Another option is a cool roof, designed to reflect sunlight rather than absorb solar energy, which reduces air conditioning needs and lessens the urban heat island effect. Alternatively, green roofs for office spaces can aid with stormwater management, while creating more enjoyable roof spaces. For facilities with joint office spaces and lab/GMP spaces, be sure that green roof spaces are not located in the wake of exhaust streams. Finally, if possible, consider building orientation during design to best take advantage of natural light while avoiding glare and unwanted solar heat gain.
Outdoor air infiltration can pose a challenge to building systems regulating the inside environment. A tight envelope with air barriers to limit infiltration can save energy, reduce moisture, and increase HVAC system efficiency. Limit infiltration with continuous door and wall seals, double doors, automatic pressurization, and air curtains over entrances.
Finally, windows are a crucial part of the building envelope and emerging innovations minimize glare and heat loss, while maximizing window area for occupant wellbeing. Window solutions include multi-pane systems with glazing, electrochromic windows that adjust tint dynamically to environmental conditions, and window films that provide insulation or can harness solar energy.